Cairo Conference

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Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek, President Franklin D. Roosevelt, and Prime Minister Winston Churchill meet at the Cairo Conference.

On Nov. 22, 1943, President Roosevelt of the United States, Prime Minister Churchill of Great Britain, and Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek of China attended the Cairo Conference (开罗会议), which mainly focused on the war against Japan.

The Declaration of Cairo, the most important political result of the conference, was signed and later carried to Tehran by Roosevelt. After attaining the approval of Joseph Stalin of Russia, it was officially issued on Dec. 1, 1943. Its main agreements included the following:

—Japan would be deprived of all territory seized from China and of all Pacific islands acquired since 1914.

Taiwan, Manchuria and the Pescadores would be restored to China.

—Korea would become independent.

—The Allies resolved to bring unrelenting military pressure against Japan until it agreed to unconditional surrender.

The statements in the Declaration of Cairo were therefore recognized as the international norms that directed the settlement of problems related to Japan after World War II.